What is Database?
The database is an organized collection of related information. We have stressed “ORGANISED”, because only organized information is a database. Any unorganized information is just like a pile or dump, and it cannot be called a database. Organized information or a database serves as an information base you can use it for:-
1.Retrieving desired information.
2.Taking Meaningful Decision
3.Reorganized Information.
4.Processing Information.
Type of Database: From the technical point of view, there are three type of database are as follows: –
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Type-of-Database-1024x200.jpg)
Hierarchical Database: The hierarchical database organized data into a tree structure of files, where each node of the tree contains one type of data. For example, you might organize a banks data in a hierarchical format.
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Hierarchical-Database.jpg)
Network Database: The network database structure is an extension of Hierarchical or Tree structure. Instead of only one child node, however network structure can have multiple parent nodes for a child node.
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Network-Database-1024x252.jpg)
Relational Database: The relational structure is to relate data records using a standard tabular format. It is used to normally two dimensional tables to describe all relationship between data. For example relational tables could be established to link a college course with the instructor of the course and with location of the classes.
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Relational-Database-1024x284.jpg)
Difference between DBMS and RDBMS:
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Difference-between-DBMS-and-RDBMS.jpg)
Elements of a Database: There are two elements of a database “FIELDS” and “RECORDS”. For example, if there is a database name “STUDENT”, same as below:-
![](http://www.samasto.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Elements-of-a-Database-1024x230.jpg)
Here every column heading (Ex. ROLL, NAME…) is a field, and every row (Ex. S001, S002…) is a record and every cell (Ex. M SEN, 57.00…) is the field value of a record. So we can say “S005” is the field value of roll of the record number five.